o   Phase behaviour of pure, binary and multi-component systems
o   Introduction to PVT report, identifying key data with examples
o   Basic PVT, bubble point, dew point, flash calculations and phase envelope with examples
o   Introduction to hydrates and the necessary conditions for their formation
o   Calculating the amount of condensed water, examples
o Hydrate dissociation versus hydrate formation

o   Calculating hydrate formation point at a given pressure or temperature, Examples
o   Hydrate phase boundary for gas and oil systems in the presence of condensed water, Examples
o    Evaluating gas hydrate risks in various scenarios, including drilling, well intervention, cleaning, testing, start-ups, normal operations, shut-downs, Examples
o    Effect of salt on the hydrate stability zone, Examples
o    Using PVT report for produced water, Examples   

o Options available for avoiding gas hydrate problems
o Calculating amount of thermodynamic inhibitor required, Examples
o Combination of salt and thermodynamic inhibitors
o  Examples
o Calculating inhibitor loss to hydrocarbon phases,  
o Examples
o Calculating inhibitor injection rates, effect of inhibitor purity, Examples
o Hydrates in low water content systems, dehydration requirement for avoiding gas hydrates, Examples
o Using inhibitor in low water content gases, Examples

o Water dew point and its relation with hydrate formation, Examples
o Methanol versus glycol, Examples

o Low Dosage Hydrate Inhibitors (LDHI), advantages and disadvantages
o Testing and evaluation of Anti-Agglomerates
o Conventional and new testing techniques for Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors
o Addressing challenges associated with KHI application, KHIs and shut-in conditions, KHI in produced water re-injection, KHI in MEG regeneration
o KHI removal, recovery and reuse
o New techniques for improving reliability of hydrate prevention strategies
o   Case studies
o Techniques for removing hydrate blockages
     o   Examples

Case studies from around the world covering various topics discussed in this course, resulting from more than 30 years of instructor’s experience in gas hydrates, including;
o Combined gas hydrate-wax problem
o Hydrates in low water content gases
o Risk of hydrates during start-up
o Hydrates in gas processing shell/tube exchanger
o Hydrates in gas injection
o Hydrates in LPG storage tank
o Hydrates/ice in gas processing cold box
o Hydrates in water/condensate injection lines
o Hydrates in offshore condensate export line
o Hydrates during PLT operations
o etc.